Extended Quantum Computing Patterns
Intent
Perform arithmetic operations on values encoded in quantum registers.
Context
A quantum algorithm must add, subtract, multiply, compare, or perform modular operations on values that may be in superposition.
Forces
Quantum operations must be reversible. Intermediate values often require ancillas that must later be uncomputed, and circuit cost grows with the register size.
Solution
Implement the required operation as a reversible circuit using arithmetic components such as adders, multipliers, comparators, and modular-reduction routines.
Result
Arithmetic is performed coherently on all represented values without measuring the registers.
Examples
Ripple-carry and QFT adders, multipliers, comparators, modular addition, and modular exponentiation.
Related Patterns
Quantum Logical Operators; Uncompute; Oracle
Known Uses
Arithmetic circuit libraries in Qiskit, PennyLane, and Classiq, including components used by Shor's algorithm.